Lack of a proper strategy may potentially result in ad hoc improvements that are not meeting the critical needs of the overall organisation.
The first transatlantic telephone cable to use optical fiber was TAT-8, based on Desurvire optimised laser amplification technology. It went into operation in 1988. Third-generation fiber-optic systems operated at 1.55 μm and had losses of about 0.2 dB/km. This development was spurred by the discovery of Indium gallium arsenide and the development of the Indium Gallium Arsenide photodiode by Pearsall. Engineers overcame earlier difficulties with pulse-spreading at that wavelength using conventional InGaAsP semiconductor lasers. Scientists overcame this difficulty by using dispersion-shifted fibers designed to have minimal dispersion at 1.55 μm or by limiting the laser spectrum to a single longitudinal mode. These developments eventually allowed third-generation systems to operate commercially at 2.5 Gbit/s with repeater spacing in excess of 100 km (62 mi). fiber optic technician certification The fourth generation of fiber-optic communication systems used optical amplification to ...
Comments
Post a Comment